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| BREATHER | Restraining or easing off on a horse for a short distance in a race to permit him to conserve or renew his strength. |
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| BREEDER | Owner of dam at time foal is dropped. |
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| BREEDING | A horse's pedigree. |
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| BREEZE | Working a horse at a moderate speed. |
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| BROOD MARE | Female thoroughbred used for breeding. |
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| BROWN | Sometimes difficult to separate from black or dark bay. This color can usually be distinguished by noting finer tan or brown hairs on the muzzles or flanks. |
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| BUCKED SHINS | Inflammation of front of cannon bone to which young horses are particularly susceptible. |
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| BULL RING | A small racetrack, usually less than one mile in circumference. |
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| CALK | Projection on bottom of horseshoe to give greater traction, especially on a wet track. Mainly used in the United States. |
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| CALL (the) | Running position of horses in a race at various points. |
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| CALLER | One who calls the running positions of horses in a race. |
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| CAST | A horse is cast when he lies down in the stall in such a way that he is too close to the wall, and there is a danger that he may not be able to get up by himself without injury. |
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| CHART | A statistical "picture" of a race (from which past performances are compiled), which shows the position and margin of each horse at designated points of call (depending on distance of the race), age, weight carried, owner, trainer, purse, conditions, pay-off prices, odds, time and other data. |
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| CHECKED | When the progress of a horse is stopped because he is cut off or hampered. |
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| CHESTNUT | Horse colour varying from light, washy yellow to dark liver color, between which comes red, gold and liver shades. A chestnut never has black points, mane or tail. |
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| CHUTE | Extension of back or home straights to permit a long straight run after the start. |
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| CLAIMING RACE | Type of graded race in the US in which any horse can be claimed (purchased) for a nominated price. |
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| CLASS | UAE Jockey Club grades horses into eight classes: Premier (the best) followed by class one through to class six. There is a special class, Griffin, restricted to new young horses. Class also is used as a description of quality in a horse. |
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| CLASSIC | Race of traditional importance. Such as the Epsom Derby (UK), Prix de Arc de Triumph (France), Melbourne Cup (Australia), Kentucky Derby, Preakness and Belmont Stakes (US), the Japan Cup and the UAE Derby. |
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| CLERK OF SCALES | An official whose chief duty is to weigh the riders before and after a race to be sure proper weight is carried. |
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| CLIMBING | Refers to a fault in a horse's stride in which, instead of reaching forward, his leg action is abnormally high. |
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| CLOCKER | One who times workouts and races. |
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| CLOSER | A horse who runs best in the latter part of the race, coming from off the pace. |
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| COLOURS | Silk racing jacket and cap worn by riders to denote the ownership of the horse. |
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| COLT | Young male horse which has not been gelded (castrated). |
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